2022年MBA/MPA/MEM联考真题参考答案|估分参考答案！

       2022年管理类联考已经结束，广大考生需要第一时间核对并预估自己的考试分数，参考去年的复试线提前准备自己的复试备考。杭州达立易考教育为帮助大家客观评估分数，稍后为大家提供精确参考答案，请考生朋友耐心等待！
一、管理类联考综合能力-数学部分参考答案
       今年数学难度在可控范围，按照考试至少选15题答对没问题，就是题目出的灵活度高，解析几何考的少，排列组合概率容易做，实数代数计算题出的多，总体拿高分不容易，基础分没啥问题。以下是初步整理：
（一）、问题求解
1、一项工程施工3天后，因故障停工2天，之后工程队提高工作效率20%，仍能按原计划完成，则原计划工期为（           ）。
A.9天        B.10天         C.12天              D.15天             E.18天
2、某商场的成本利润为12%，若其成本降低20%而售价不变，则利润率为（        ）。
A.32%        B.35%         C.40%              D.45%             E.48%天
3、设x,y为实数，则f(x,y)=x²+4xy+5y²-2y+2的最小值为（     ）。
A.1        B.1/2         C.2              D.3/2             E.3
4、如图，△ABC为等腰直角三角形，以A为圆心的圆弧交AC于D，交BC于E，交AB的延长线于F，若曲边△CDE与BEF的面积相等，（易考教育）则AD/AC=（          ）。
A.根号3/2          B.2/根号5        C.根号（3/π）              D. 根号π/2            E.根号（2/π）
5、如图，已知相邻的圆都相切，从这6个圆中随机取2个，这2个圆不相切的概率为（         ）。
A.8/15        B.7/15         C.3/5              D.2/5             E.2/3
6、如图，在棱长为2的正方体中，A,B是顶点，C.D是所在棱的重点，则四边形ABCD的面积为（      ）。
A.9/2        B.7/2         C.3根号2/2             D.2根号5             E.3根号2
7、桌上放有8只杯子，将其中的3只杯子翻转（杯口朝上与朝下互换）作为一次操作，8只杯口朝上的杯子经过n次操作后，杯口全部朝下，则n的最小值为（           ）（易考教育）。
A.3               B.4               C.5                   D.6                   E.8
8、某公司有甲乙丙三个部门，若从甲部门调26人到丙部门，则丙部门是 甲部门人数的6倍；若从乙部门调5人到丙部门，则丙部门的人数与乙部门人数相等。甲，乙两部门之差除以5的余数为（              ）。
A.0               B.1               C.2                  D.3                   E.4
9、在直角△ABC中，D为斜边AC的中点，以AD为直径的圆交AB于E，若△ABC的面积为8，则△AED的面积为（          ）。
A.1               B.2               C.3                  D.4                   E.6
10、一个自然数的各位数字都是105的质因数，且每个质因数最多出现一次，这样的自然数有（       ）。
A.6               B.9               C.12                  D.15                   E.27
11、购买A玩具和B玩具各1件需要花费1.4元，购买200件A玩具和150件B玩具需花费250元，则A玩具的单价为（             ）。
A.0.5               B.0.6               C.0.7                  D.0.8                   E.0.9
12、甲乙两支足球队比赛，比分为4:2，且在比赛过程中乙队没有领先过，则不同的进球顺序有（       ）种。
A.6               B.8               C.9                 D.10                  E.12
13、4名男生和2名女生随机站成一排，女生既不在两端也不相邻的概率为（            ）。
A.1/2               B.5/12               C.3/8                 D.1/3                  E.1/5
14、已知A,B两地相距208KM，甲乙丙三车的速度分别为60KM/小时，80KM/小时，90KM/小时，甲乙两车从A地出发去B地，丙车从B地出发去A地，三车同时出发，当丙车与甲乙两车的距离相等时，用时（             ）。
A.70               B.75               C.78                 D.80                 E.86
15、如图，用4种颜色对图中五块区域进行涂色，每块区域涂一种颜色，且相邻的两块区域颜色不同，不同的涂色方法有（             ）。
A.12              B.24               C.32                 D.48                 E.96
（二）、条件充分性判断
16.如图，AD与圆相切于点D，AC与圆相交于BC。则能确定△ABD与△BDC的面积之比。
（1）已知AD/CD          （2）已知BD/CD
答案：B
17、设实数X满足|x-2|-|x-3|=a,则能确定X的值。
（1）0＜a≤1/2          （2）1/2＜a≤1
答案：A
18、两个人数不等的班数学测验的平均分不相等，则能确定人数多的班。
（1）已知两个班的平均成绩        （2）已知两个班的总平均值
答案：C
19、在△ABC中，D为BC边上的点，BD,AB,BC成等比数列，则∠BAC=90°。
（1）BD=DC        （2）AD⊥BC
答案：B
20、将75名学生分为25组，每组3人。能确定女生的人数。
（1）已知全是男生的组数和全是女生的组数。
（2）只有1号男生的组数和只有1号女生的组数相等。
答案：C
21、某直角△的三边长a,b,c成等比数列，则能确定公比的值。
（1）a是直角边
（2）c是斜边
答案：D
22、已知x为正实数，则能确定x-1/x的值。
（1）已知根号x+1/根号x的值
（2）已知x²-1/x²的值
答案：B
23、已知a,b为实数，则能确定a/b的值。
（1）a,b,(a+b)为等比数列。
（2）a（a+b）＞0
答案：E
24、已知正数列｛an｝,则｛an｝为等差数列
（1）a²n+1-a²n=2n，n=1,2，……
（2）a1+a3=2a2
答案：C
25、设实数a,b满足|a-2b|≤1，则|a|＞|b|。
（1）|b|大于1          （2）|b|＜1
答案：A


二、管理类联考综合能力-逻辑部分参考答案

三、管理类联考综合能力-中文写作部分参考答案
56、论证有效性分析
       默默无闻、无私奉献，虽然是人们尊崇的德行，但这种德行其实不能成为社会的道德精神。
57.论说文
       鸟类会飞是因为他们在进化中不断优化了其自身的机构。飞行是一项较为特殊的运动，鸟类的躯体进化成了适合飞行的流线型；飞行也是一项需要付出高能量代价的运动，鸟类增强了翅膀、胸肌部位的功能，又改进了呼吸系统，以便给肌肉持续飞行提供能量。同时，鸟类在进化过程中舍弃了那些沉重的、效率低的身体部件。
简要解析：
       题干给出的材料信息有两方面内容：鸟类会飞一方面是不断改进优化自身结构以强化飞的特性；另一方面是舍弃不利于飞行的身体器件。所对应的其实是“扬弃”的思辨哲学，即事物在发展过程中要不断发扬旧事物中的积极因素，抛弃旧事物中的消极因素。围绕这一主题可适当延伸至企业发展或国家层面进行论述。

四、英语（二）参考答案
Section I Use of Englislish
Direction: Read the following text.. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C or D
on the ANSWER SHEET- (10points}
Harlan Coben believes that if you^e a writer, you'll find the time; and that if you can't find the time, then writing isn't a priori^ and you*re not a writeL For him writing is a 1 job-a job like any other He has 2  it with plumbing, pointing out thal a plumber doesn't wake up and say that he can’t work with pipes today.
3  , like most writers these days, you're holding down a job to pay the bills, it’s not _4  to find the time to write. But it’s not impossible. It requires determinalion and single-mindedness. 5    that most bestselling authors began writing when they were doing other things to earn a living. And today, even writers who are familly     6     often have to do other woik to 7      their writing income.
As Harlan Coben has suggested, it's a 8     of priorities. To make writing a priority, you'll have to  9 some of your day-to-day activities and some things you really enjoy. Depending on your 10    and your lifestyle, that might mean  spending  less time watching televison or  listening to music, though some people  can write 11    they listen to music. You might have to 12    the amount of exercise or sport you do. You'll have to make social media an 13       activity ralher than a daily, time-consuming 14     There’ll probably have to be less socialising with your fnends an less time with your family. It's a 15      learning curve and it won^’t always make you popular.
There’s just one thing you should try to keep at least some time for, 16      your writing—and that's reading. Any writer needs to read as much and as widely as they can; it’s the one 17      supporter—something you can’t do without
Time is finite. The older you get, the 18   it seems to go. We need to use it as carefiilly and as  19 as we can, that means prioritising out activities so that we spend most time on the things we really want to do. If you^'re a writer, that means— 20      一writing.

1.	[A]	difficult	[B]	normal	[C] steady	[D] pleasant
2.	[A]	combined	[Bl	compared	[C] confused	[D] confronted
3.	[A]	If	[Bl	Though	[C] Once	[D] Unless
4.	[A]	enough	[Bl	strange	[C] wrong	[D] easy
5-	[A]	Accepl	[Bl	Explain	[C] Remember	[D] Suppose
6.	[A]	well-known	[Bl	well-advised	[C] well-inf cmned	[D] well-chosen
7.	[A]	donate	[Bl	generates	[C] supplement	[D] calculate
8.	[A]	cause	[Bl	purpose	[C] question	[D] condition
9.	[A]	highlight	[Bl	sacrifice	[C] continue	[D] explore

10.	[A]	relations	[B]	interests	[C] memories	[D] skills
11.	[A]	until	[Bl	Because	[C] while	[D] before
12.	[A]	Put up with	[Bl	Make up for	[C] hang on to	[D] cut down on
13.	[A]	Intelligent	[Bl	Occasional	[C] intensive	[D] emotional
14.	[A]	Habit	[Bl	Test	[C] decision	[D] plan
15..	[A]	Tough	[Bl	Gentle	[C] rapid	[D] funny
16.	[A]	In place of	[Bl	In charge of	[C] in response of	[D] in addition to
17.	[A]	Indispensable	[Bl	Innovative	[C] invisible	[D] instant
18.	[A]	Duller	[Bl	Harder	[C] quieter	[D] quicker
19.	[A]	Peacefully	[Bl	Generously	[C] productively	[D] gratefully
20.	[A]	At most	[Bl	In turn	[C] on average	[D] above all

Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) On a recent sunny day, 13,000 chickens roam over Larry Brown’s 40   windswept acres in Shiner, Texas. Some rest in the shade of a parked can Others drink water with the cows_ This all seems random, but it's by design, part of what the $6.1 billion U.S. egg industry bets will be its next big thing: climate-friendly eggs.
Hiese eggs, which are making their debut now on shelves for as much as $8 a dozen, are still labeled organic and animal-friendly, but they're also from birds that live on farms using regenerative agriculture-special techniques to cultivate rich soils that can trap  greenhouse gases. Such eggs could be marketed as helping to fight climate change.
“I'm excited about our progress,^ says Brown, who harvests eggs for Denver-based NestFresh Eggs and is adding more cover crops that draw worms and crickets fbr the chickens to eat The birds' waste then fertilizes fields. Such improvements "allow our hens to fbiage fbr higher-quality natural feed that will be good for the land, the hens, and the eggs that wesupply to our customers."
The egg industry's push is the first major test of whether animal products from regenerative farms can become the next premium offering. In barely more than a decade, organic eggs went from being dismissed as a niche product in natural foods stores to being sold at Walmart. More recently there were similar doubts about probiotics and plant-based meats, but both have exploded into major supennaiket categories. If the sustainable-egg rollout is successful, it could open the floodgates for regenerative beef, broccoli, and beyond.
Regenerative products could be a bard sell, because the concept is tough to define quickly, says Julie Stanton, associate professor of agricultural economics at Pennsylvania State University Brandywine. Such fanning also brings minimal, if any, improvement to the food products (though some producers say their eggs have more protein).
The industry is betting that the same consumers paying more for premium attributes such as free-range, non-GMO, and pasture-raised eggs will embrace sustainability. Surveys show that younger generations are more concerned about climate change, and some of the success of plant-based meat can be chalked up to shoppers wanting to signal their desire to protect the environment Young adults ^really care about the planet/ says John Brumquell, president of Egg Innovations. "They are absolutely altering the food chain beyond what I think even they understand what they^e doing"
More Americans are opting to work well into retirement, a growing trend that thieatens to upend the old woorforce model
One in three Americans who are at least 40 have or plan to have a job in retirement to prepare for a longer life, according to a survey conducted by Harris Poll for TD Ameritrade. Even more surprising is that more than half of "unretirees"-those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring-said they would be employed in theii later years even if they had enough money to settle down, the survey showed. We have all encountered them, in both our personal and professional lives. Think about the times you felt tricked or frustrated by a membership or subscription that had a seamless sign-up process but was Later difficult to cancel. Something that should be simple and transparent can be complicated, intenlionally or unintentionally, in ways that impair consumer choice. These are examples of dark patterns. First corned m 2010 by user experience expert Hany Brignull, "daik pattems" is a catch-all term for practices that manipulate user interfaces to influence the decision-making ability of users. Brignull identifies 12 types of common dark patterns, ranging from misdirection and hidden costs to "roach motel," where a user experience seems easy and inruitive at the start, bin turns difficult when the user tries to gel out.
In a 2019 study of 53,000 product pages and 11,000 websites, researchers found that about one in 10 employs these design practices. Though widely prevalent, the concept of dark patterns is still cot well understood. Business and nonprofit leaders should be aware of dark patterns and try to avoid the gray areas they engender.
Where is the line between ethical, persuasive design and dark patterns? Businesses should engage in conversations with IT, compliance, risk, and legal teams to review their privacy policy, and include in the discussion the customer/irser experience designers and coders responsible for the company's user interface, as well as the marketers and advertisers responsible fbr sign-ups, checkout baskets, pricing, and promotions. Any or all these teams can play a role in creating or avoiding "digital deception."
Lawmakers and regulators are slowly starting to adress  the ambiguity around dark pattems, most recently at the stale leveL In March, the California Attomey General announced the approval of additional regulations under the Califbmia Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) that Mensure that consumers will not be confused or misled when seeking to exercise their data privacy rights. The regulations aim to ban dark patterns - this means prohibiting companies from using "confusing language or unnecessary steps such as forcing them to dick through multiple screens or listen to reasons why they shouldn't opt out."
As more states consider promulgating additional regulations, there is a need for greater accountability from within the business community. Dark patterns also can be addressed on a self-regulatory basis, but only if organizations hold themselves accountable, not just to legal requirements, bu! also to industry best practices and standards.

Although ethics classes are commoh around the world, scientists are unsure if their lessons can actually change behavior; evidence either way is weak, relying on contrived laboratory tests or sometimes unreliable self-reports. But a new study published in Cognition found that, in at least one real-world situation, a single ethics lesson may have had lasting effects.
Hie researchers investigated one class session’s impact on eating meat They chose this particular beha\*ior fbr three reasons, according to study co-author Eric SchwitzgebeL, a philosopher at the University of California, Riverside: students’ attitudes on the topic are variable and unstable, behavior is easily measurable, and ethics literatuie largely agrees that eating less meat is good because it reduces environmental harm and finial suffering. Half of the students in four large philosophy classes read an article on the ethics of factory-fermed meat, optionally watched an 11-minute video on the topic and joined a 50-minute discussion. The other half focused on charitable giving instead. Then, unknown to the students, the researchers studied their anonymized meal-card purchases for that semester - nearly 14,000 receipts for almost 500 students.
Schwitzgebel predicted the intervention would have no effect; he had  previously found that ethics professors do not differ from other professors on a range of behaviors, including voting rates, blood donation and returning library books. But among student subjects who discussed meat ethics, meal purchases containing meat decreased from 52 to 45 percent - and this effect held steady for the study’s duration of several weeks. Purchases from the other group remained at 52 percent.
"That's actually a pretty large effect for a pretty small intenreniion, “Schwitzgebel says. Psychologist Nina Strohminger at the University of Pennsylvania, who was not involved in the study, says she wants the effect to be real but cannot rule out some unknown confounding variable. And if real, she notes, it might be reversible by another nudge: “Easy come, easy go.”
Schwitzgebel suspects the greatest impact came from social influence — classmates or teaching assistants leading the discussions may have shared their own vegetarianism, showing it as achievable or more common. Second, the video may have had an emotional impact. Least rousing, he thinks, was rational argument, although his co-authors say reason might play a bigger role. Now the researchers are probing the specific effects of teaching style, teaching assistants' eating habits and students’ video exposure. Meanwhile. Schwitzgebel—who had predicted no effect—will be eating his words.
Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G fbr each numbered paragraphs (41-45) There are two extra subheadings which you do not need touse. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
  Getting back into exercise can be a challenge in the best of times, but with gyms and in-person exercise classes off-Limits to many people these days, it can be tricky to know where to start And ifs important to gel the right dose of activity. "Too much too soon either results in injury or burnout,”says Mary Yoke, PhD, a faculty member in the kinesiology department at Indiana University in Bloomington. The following simple strategies will help you retum to exercise safely after a break

41.  C

Don't try to go back to what you were doing before your break. If you were walking 3 miles a day, playing 18 holes of golf three times week, or lifting 10-pound dumbbells fbr three sets of 10 reps, reduce activity to half a mile every other day, or nine holes of  golf once  a week with short walks on other days, or use 5-pound dumbbells for one set of 10 leps. Increase time, distance, and intensity gradually. "This isn't something you can do ovemight” say Keri L. Denay, MD, lead author of a recent American College of Sports Medicine advisory that encourages American to not overlook the benefits of activity duiing the pandemic. But you will reap benefits such as anxiety and improve sleep right away.

42.  E

If  you’re breathing too hard  to talk in complete sentences, back off. If  you feel good, go a little longer or faster. Feeling wiped out after a session? Go easier  next time. And stay alert to serious symptoms, such as chest pain or pressure, severe shortness of breath or dizziness, or faintness, and seek medical attention immedialely.

43.  A

Consistency is the key to getting stronger and building endurance and stamina. Ten minutes of activity per day is a good start, says Marcus Jackovitz, DPT, a physical therapist at the University of Miami HospitaL All the experts we spoke with highly recommend walking because it's the easiest, most accessible form of exercise. Although it can be a woikoul on its own, if your goal is to get back to Zumba classes, tennis, cycling, or any other activity, walking is also a great first step.

44.  F

Even if you can't yet do a favorite activity, you can practice the moves. With or without a club or racket, swing like you’re  hitting the ball, Paddle like you’re in a kayak or canoe. Mimic your favorite swimming strokes. The action will remind you of the joy the activity brought you and prime your muscles for when you can gel out there again.

45.  B

Exercising with others "can keep you accountable and make it more fun, so you^e more likely to do it again,^ Jackovitz says. You can do activities such as golf and tennis or take a walk with others and still be socially distant. But when you can't connect in person, consider using technology. Chat on the phone with a friend while you walk around youi neighborhood. FaceTime with a relative as you stiength tram oi stretch at home. You can also join a livestream or on-demand exercise class.

46. Directions:

Translate the following text ftom English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
Although we try our best, sometimes our paintings rarely turn out as oiiginally planned. Changes in the light, the limitations of your painting materials, the lack of experience and technique mean that what you start out trying to achieve may not come to life the way that you expected.
Although this can be frustrating and disappointing, it turns out that this can actually be good for you. Unexpected results have two benefits: you pretty quickly learn to deal with disappointment and in time (often through repeated error) to realise that when one door closes and, another opens.You quickly learn to adapt and come up with creative solutions to the problems the painting presents, and this means thinking outside the box will become second nature to the painter.
In fart, creative problem-solving skills are incredibly useful in daily life, with which you're more likely to be able to find a solution when a problem arises.
尽管我们尽全力，但有时我们的画作很少能呈现出最初计划的那样，但是有时我们的画卷很少会像原来计划的那样。光线变化/光线的改变，绘画材料的限制，经验不足以及技术的缺乏，这些都意味着你有时最开始尝试去实现的事情，可能不会以你期待的方式来到你的生命里。
尽管这令人失望挫败，但事实证明其实与你有益。出乎意料的结果有两大好处∶ 你很快学会如何应对失望的情绪，意识到当一扇门关闭的同时，还会有其他门打开。你还能迅速了解如何适应并针对现行画作研究出有创造力的解决方案。因此用标新立异的思考/跳出固定思维/跳出固有思维模式会成为你的第二特质。
事实上，在日常生活中，用创新的思路能有效解决问题/创造性的问题解决技能在日常生活中非常有用，这意味着当问题出现时，你更有可能快速想出解决方案。
 
 

47. Directions:

Suppose you are planning a campus food festival. Write an e-mail to the intemational students in your university to

1. introduce the food festival, and
2. invite them to participate.

You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not use your own name in the emaiL Use ^wLi Ming" instead. (l0points)

48. Directions:

Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
1) interpret the chart, and
 2) give your comments.
You should write abom 150 words on lheANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
 
2018-2020年我国快递业务量变化情况(单位：十亿）

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